Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 1, Pages 45-66Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.07.002
Keywords
G protein-coupled receptor; Paraventricular nucleus; Supraoptic nucleus; Vasopressin; Oxytocin; Corticotropin-releasing factor; Hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system (HNS); Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
Categories
Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), UK
- British Heart Foundation
- BBSRC
- Medical Research Council UK
- Neuroendocrinology Charitable Trust UK
- Wellcome Trust UK
- BBSRC [BB/G006156/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G0700954] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/G006156/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0700954] Funding Source: researchfish
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G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of transmembrane receptors in the mammalian genome. They are activated by a multitude of different ligands that elicit rapid intracellular responses to regulate cell function. Unsurprisingly, a large proportion of therapeutic agents target these receptors. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus are important mediators in homeostatic control. Many modulators of PVN/SON activity, including neurotransmitters and hormones act via GPCRs - in fact over 100 non-chemosensory GPCRs have been detected in either the PVN or SON. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the expression of GPCRs within the PVN/SON, including data from recent transcriptomic studies that potentially expand the repertoire of GPCRs that may have functional roles in these hypothalamic nuclei. We also present some aspects of the regulation and known roles of GPCRs in PVN/SON, which are likely complemented by the activity of 'orphan' GPCRs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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