Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages 19-44Publisher
BIOSCIENCE RESEARCH INST-BRI
DOI: 10.2741/3229
Keywords
AMPK; Animal Models; Energy Metabolism; Review
Categories
Funding
- EXGENESIS Integrated Project [CT-2004-005272]
- European Commission
- INSERM
- AFM
- PNRD
- ANR physio
- ALFEDIAM
- Institut Benjamin Delessert,
- Fondation de France
- Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique et Medicale (Belgium)
- Fonds Speciaux de Recherche (UCL, Belgium)
- Actions de Recherche Concertees (Belgium)
- Fonds Speciaux
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AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a phylogenetically conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, has been proposed to function as a 'fuel gauge' to monitor cellular energy status in response to nutritional environmental variations. AMPK system is a regulator of energy balance that, once activated by low energy status, switches on ATP-producing catabolic pathways (such as fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis), and switches off ATP-consuming anabolic pathways (such as lipogenesis), both by short-term effect on phosphorylation of regulatory proteins and by long-term effect on gene expression. Numerous observations obtained with pharmacological activators and agents that deplete intracellular ATP have been supportive of AMPK playing a role in the control of energy metabolism but none of these studies have provided conclusive evidence. Relatively recent developments in our understanding of precisely how AMPK complexes might operate to control energy metabolism is due in part to the development of transgenic and knockout mouse models. Although there are inevitable caveats with genetic models, some important findings have emerged. In the present review, we discuss recent findings obtained from animal models with inhibition or activation of AMPK signaling pathway.
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