Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages 2614-2632Publisher
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.2741/2870
Keywords
adenosine receptors; adenosine antagonists; cognitive dysfunction; animal models; aging; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD); spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)
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Over the last decade, adenosine receptors in the central nervous system have been implicated in the modulation of cognitive functions. Despite the general view that endogenous adenosine modulates cognition through the activation of adenosine A(1) receptors, evidence is now emerging on a possible role of A(2A) receptors in learning and memory. The present review attempts to examine results reported in different studies using diverse animal models, to provide a comprehensive picture of the recent evidence of a relationship between adenosinergic function and memory deficits. The present data suggest that caffeine (a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist) and selective adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists can improve memory performance in rodents evaluated through different tasks. They might also afford protection against memory dysfunction elicited in experimental models of aging, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a putative genetic model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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