Journal
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
Volume 42, Issue 8, Pages 689-706Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10715760802317663
Keywords
glutathione redox; redox signalling; redox control of apoptosis; mitochondrial GSH and apoptosis; redox and caspase activation
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [DK44510]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK044510] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Apoptosis or programmed cell death represents a physiologically conserved mechanism of cell death that is pivotal in normal development and tissue homeostasis in all organisms. As a key modulator of cell functions, the most abundant non-protein thiol, glutathione (GSH), has important roles in cellular defense against oxidant aggression, redox regulation of proteins thiols and maintaining redox homeostasis that is critical for proper function of cellular processes, including apoptosis. Thus, a shift in the cellular GSH-to-GSSG redox balance in favour of the oxidized species, GSSG, constitutes an important signal that could decide the fate of a cell. The current review will focus on three main areas: (1) general description of cellular apoptotic pathways, (2) cellular compartmentation of GSH and the contribution of mitochondrial GSH and redox proteins to apoptotic signalling and (3) role of redox mechanisms in the initiation and execution phases of apoptosis.
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