Journal
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 61, Issue -, Pages 130-142Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.014
Keywords
Diabetic complications; Diabetic nephropathy; Hyperglycemia; Oxidative stress; NADPH oxidases of the Nox family; Nox4; Reactive oxygen species; Glomerular cell injury; Tubulointerstitial cell injury; Free radicals
Funding
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Multiproject Grants
- NIH [RO1 DK 079996, RO1 CA 131272]
- Veterans Administration
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Oxidative stress has been linked to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, a complication of diabetes in the kidney. NADPH oxidases of the Nox family are a major source of reactive oxygen species in the diabetic kidney and are critical mediators of redox signaling in glomerular and tubulointerstitial cells exposed to the diabetic milieu. Here, we present an overview of the current understanding of the roles of Nox catalytic and regulatory subunits in the processes that control mesangial cell, podocyte, and tubulointerstitial cell injury induced by hyperglycemia and other predominant factors enhanced in the diabetic milieu, including the renin-angiotensin system and transforming growth factor-beta. The role of the Nox isoform Nox4 in the redox processes that alter renal biology in diabetes is highlighted. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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