Journal
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 52, Issue 2, Pages 497-506Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.001
Keywords
Nephropathy; Cisplatin; Oxidative stress; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial antioxidants; Free radicals
Funding
- NIH/NIAAA
- National Institutes of Health [RO1CA152810]
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund fellowship (OTKA-NKTH-EU) [MB08 80238]
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Cisplatin is a widely used antineoplastic agent; however, its major limitation is the development of dose-dependent nephrotoxicity whose precise mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show not only that mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of cisplatin nephrotoxicity, but also that targeted delivery of superoxide dismutase mimetics to mitochondria largely prevents the renal effects of cisplatin. Cisplatin induced renal oxidative stress, deterioration of mitochondrial structure and function, an intense inflammatory response, histopathological injury, and renal dysfunction. A single systemic dose of mitochondrially targeted antioxidants, MitoQ or Mito-CP, dose-dependently prevented cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction. Mito-CP also prevented mitochondrial injury and dysfunction, renal inflammation, and tubular injury and apoptosis. Despite being broadly renoprotective against cisplatin, Mito-CP did not diminish cisplatin's antineoplastic effect in a human bladder cancer cell line. Our results highlight the central role of mitochondrially generated oxidants in the pathogenesis of cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Because similar compounds seem to be safe in humans, mitochondrially targeted antioxidants may represent a novel therapeutic approach against cisplatin nephrotoxicity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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