Journal
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 53, Issue 10, Pages 1919-1928Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.580
Keywords
Nitric oxide; Nitrate; Nitrite; Exercise; Ischemia-reperfusion; Skeletal muscle; Free radicals
Funding
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation
- Stockholm County Council
- EU
- Vinnova
- Centre for Sports Science
- Karolinska Institutet
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Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) generated from L-arginine by NO synthase regulates mitochondrial function by binding to cytochrome c oxidase in competition with oxygen. This interaction can elicit a variety of intracellular signaling events of both physiological and pathophysiological significance. Recent lines of research demonstrate that inorganic nitrate and nitrite, derived from oxidized NO or from the diet, are metabolized in vivo to form NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides with intriguing effects on cellular energetics and cytoprotection. Here we discuss the latest advances in our understanding of the roles of nitrate, nitrite, and NO in the modulation of mitochondrial function, with a particular focus on dietary nitrate and exercise. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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