Journal
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 45, Issue 6, Pages 929-938Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.06.024
Keywords
ionizing radiation; radiation-induced brain injury; NADPH oxidase; oxidative stress
Funding
- NIH [CA117061, CA122318]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
The need to both understand and minimize the side effects of brain irradiation is heightened by the ever increasing number of patients with brain metastases that require treatment with whole brain irradiation (WBI): some 200,000 cancer patients/year receive partial or WBI. At the present time there are no successful, treatments for radiation-induced brain injury, nor are there any known effective preventive strategies. Data support a role for chronic oxidative stress in radiation-induced late effects. However, the pathogenic mechanism(s) involved remains unknown. One candidate Source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, which converts molecular oxygen (O-2) to the superoxide anion (O-2(center dot-)) on activation. We hypothesize that brain irradiation leads to activation of NADPH oxidase. We report that irradiating Fat brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro leads to increased (i) intracellular ROS generation, (ii) activation of the transcription factor NF kappa B, (iii) expression of ICAM-1 and PAI-1, and (iv) expression of Nox4, p22(phox), and p47(phox). Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of NADPH oxidase blocked the radiation-mediated upregulation of intracellular ROS, activation of NF kappa B, arid upregulation of ICAM-1 and PAI-1. These results suggest that activation of NADPH oxidase may play a role in radiation-induced oxidative stress. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available