Journal
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
Volume 233, Issue 1-3, Pages 158-166Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.09.013
Keywords
Copy-move forgery; Digital image forensics; Region duplication detection; Passive authentication
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Funding
- Higher School Science & Technology Fund Planning Project of Tianjin City, China [20120712]
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As powerful image editing tools are widely used, the demand for identifying the authenticity of an image is much increased. Copy-move forgery is one of the tampering techniques which are frequently used. Most existing techniques to expose this forgery need to improve the robustness for common post-processing operations and fail to precisely locate the tampering region especially when there are large similar or flat regions in the image. In this paper, a robust method based on DCT and SVD is proposed to detect this specific artifact. Firstly, the suspicious image is divided into fixed-size overlapping blocks and 2D-DCT is applied to each block, then the DCT coefficients are quantized by a quantization matrix to obtain a more robust representation of each block. Secondly, each quantized block is divided non-overlapping sub-blocks and SVD is applied to each sub-block, then features are extracted to reduce the dimension of each block using its largest singular value. Finally, the feature vectors are lexicographically sorted, and duplicated image blocks will be matched by predefined shift frequency threshold. Experiment results demonstrate that our proposed method can effectively detect multiple copy-move forgery and precisely locate the duplicated regions, even when an image was distorted by Gaussian blurring, AWGN, JPEG compression and their mixed operations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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