Journal
FOOD CONTROL
Volume 28, Issue 2, Pages 224-229Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.004
Keywords
Mycoflora; Aspergillus; Fungi; Brazil nut; Aflatoxin; Cyclopiazonic acid
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Funding
- state funding agency Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fungal and mycotoxin contamination was investigated in field samples of nuts, shells and pods of the Brazil nut collected during different periods in Itacoatiara, State of Amazonas, Brazil: day 0, samples still on the tree: days 5, 10 and 15, samples in contact with soil for 5, 10 and 15 days, respectively. The most prevalent fungi were Aspergillus flavus in fruit pods and nuts and Fusarium spp. in shells. Penicillium spp. and A. flavus were isolated from soil, and Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. from air. Aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. The high frequency of isolation of aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains from soil and Brazil nuts increases the chance of aflatoxin production in these substrates. These findings suggest a possible contamination before drying and indicate soil as the main source of fungal contamination of Brazil nuts. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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