Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 141, Issue 3, Pages 2743-2750Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.101
Keywords
Amino acid; Starch granules; Phenol; Total antioxidant capacity (TAC); Drought and salinity; Tibetan wild barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp spontaneum)
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171488]
- National 863 Program [2012AA101105]
- Key Research Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province of China [2012C12902-2]
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Grain phytochemical profiles were compared in Tibetan wild barley XZ5 (drought-tolerant), XZ16 (salinity/aluminum-tolerant) and cv CM72 (salinity-tolerant) in response to drought and salinity alone and combination (D + S) during anthesis. Total antioxidant capacity assessed by determining ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) in grains increased significantly as follows: D + S > drought > salinity, and XZ5 > XZ16 > CM72. A marked increase in the total phenol (TP) from individual and combined stresses was observed in XZ5, while a decrease occurred in CM72. Moreover, the activity of alpha-/beta-amylase in the grains under combined stress was 81.8%/16.9% in XZ5 and 48.6%/18.7% in XZ16 higher than that of CM72. Increases in amino acids, protein content and protein fractions of albumin, globulin, hordein and glutelin were maximised under D + S, with larger values in the Tibetan wild genotypes. Observation with a scanning electron microscopy showed a distinct genotypic difference under D + S; for example, XZ5 and XZ16 maintained a relatively integral starch granule with a greater protein deposit/matrix, while CM72 degraded by pitting. This research expands our understanding of barley drought and salt-tolerance mechanisms and provides possibility of Tibetan wild barley in developing barley cultivars with both tolerance to drought and salinity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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