Journal
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
Volume 50, Issue 10, Pages 3548-3555Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.022
Keywords
Mycotoxin; Patulin; Genotoxicity; Oxidative damage; Comet assay
Categories
Funding
- Brazilian Agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento e Formacao de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- GENOTOX - Royal Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
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Patulin, a known mycotoxin, is considered a significant contaminant in apples, apple-derived products and feeds. This study investigated the genotoxic effects of patulin in multiple organs (brain, kidney, liver and urinary bladder) of mice using an in vivo comet assay. We assessed the mechanism underlying this genotoxicity by measuring the GSH content and the thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) level. Male CF-1 mice were given 1.0-3.75 mg/kg patulin intraperitoneally. The effect of patulin was dose-dependent and the highest patulin dose induced DNA strand breaks in the brain (damage index, DI, in hippocampus increased from 36.2 in control animals to 127.5), liver (44.3-138.4) and kidneys (31.5-99); decreased levels of GSH (hippocampus - from 46.9 to 18.4 nmol/mg protein); and an increase in lipid peroxidation (hippocampus - from 5.8 to 20.3 MDA equivalents/mg protein). This finding establishes an interrelationship between the pro-oxidant and genotoxic effects of patulin. Pre-treatment administration of N-acetyl-cysteine reduced patulin-induced DNA damage (hippocampus - DI from 127.5 to 39.8) and lipid peroxidation (hippocampus -20.3 to 12.8 MDA equivalents/mg protein) by restoring cellular GSH levels, reinforcing the positive relationship between patulin-induced GSH depletion and DNA damage caused by systemic administration of this mycotoxin. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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