Journal
FLY
Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 121-129Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/fly.8827
Keywords
innate immune responses; pathogen associated molecular patterns; pattern recognition receptors; peptidoglycan recognition proteins; Gram-negative binding proteins; Toll-like receptors; scavenger receptors
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Drosophila have a variety of innate immune strategies for defending itself from infection, including humoral and cell mediated responses to invading microorganisms. At the front lines of these responses, are a diverse group of pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns. These patterns include bacterial lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, and fungal beta-1,3 glucans. Some of the receptors catalytically modify the pathogenic determinant, but all are responsible for directly facilitating a signaling event that results in an immune response. Some of these events require multiple pattern recognition receptors acting sequentially to activate a pathway. In some cases, a signaling pathway may be activated by a variety of different pathogens, through parallel receptors detecting different pathogenic determinants. In this chapter, we review what is known about pattern recognition receptors in Drosophila, and how those lessons may be applied towards a broader understanding of immunity.
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