Journal
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 82, Issue -, Pages 442-452Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.053
Keywords
Deoxynivalenol; Litopenaeus vannamei; Immune response; Intestinal damage
Funding
- China Agriculture Research Systerm-48 [CARS 48]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M633234]
- Project of Marine Fishery Science and Technology of Guangdong Province [A201601C11]
- Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province [2013B090600045]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [161gpy36]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2017A030313195]
- Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou City [201803020006]
- Project of Modern Agriculture and Marine Biological Industry Support Programs of Shenzhen City [20170428140437749]
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A 5-weeks experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of deoxynivalenol on growth performance, histological morphology, anti-oxidative ability and immune capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei. White shrimp (mean initial weight 1.02 g) were fed seven isonitrogenous diets, Diet 1 as the control, Diet 2-4 was supplemented with grade levels (250, 500 and 1000 pg kg(-1)) of deoxynivalenol (DON), Diet 5-7 were formulated to contain graded levels of contaminated wheat flour. Each diet was assigned to four tanks (30 shrimp). The weight gain was decreased with the increasing dietary DON levels, survival was lower in shrimp fed high levels of DON-contaminated wheat flour (P < 0.05). Feed intake and feed conversion ratio did not show any difference among all the groups. After 4 h hypoxia stress, survival of shrimp was decreased in shrimp fed high levels of DON-contaminated wheat flour (P < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas was higher in shrimp fed the control diet, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were higher in shrimp fed the Diet 3 and Diet 6, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in shrimp fed the highest dietary DON (Diet 4), while the gene expression of SOD and GPx were lower in shrimp fed the Diet 3-7. The expression of HSP70, Toll 1 and Dorsal were higher in shrimp fed the Diet 2, the expression of ART were higher in shrimp fed the Diet 1 and Diet 2. The expression of proPO, LGBP and PPAF were higher in shrimp fed the Diet 4 and Diet 7. The H&E stain indicated intestinal mucosal folds were impaired in shrimp fed the Diet 3-7, and B cells number and diameters of the hepatopancreas tubules were affected by DON levels, and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis indicated the apopotosis occurs in intestinal epithelial cell of shrimp fed the Diet 2-7. Based on the present results, the safety level of DON for white shrimp should below 0.5 ppm, which was much less than the European Communities recommendation values for aquatic animals (5 ppm). High level of DON would damage the cell structural and affect the NF-kappa B pathway and proPO system of shrimp.
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