Journal
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 327, Issue 2, Pages 110-117Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02461.x
Keywords
Fsarium mycotoxin; trichothecenes; mycotoxin degradation; Nocardioides; Devosia
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Funding
- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan [MT-3209]
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The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), a secondary metabolite produced by species of the plant pathogen Fusarium, causes serious problems in cereal crop production because of its toxicity towards humans and livestock. A biological approach for the degradation of DON using a DON-degrading bacterium (DDB) appears to be promising, although information about DDBs is limited. We isolated 13 aerobic DDBs from a variety of environmental samples, including field soils and wheat leaves. Of these 13 strains, nine belonged to the Gram-positive genus Nocardioides and other four to the Gram-negative genus Devosia. The degradation phenotypes of the two Gram types were clearly different; all washed cells of the 13 strains degraded 100 similar to mu g similar to mL-1 DON to below the detection limit (0.5 similar to mu g similar to mL-1), but the conditions inducing the DON-degrading activities differed between the two Gram types. The HPLC profiles of the DON metabolites were also distinct between the two genera, although all strains produced 3-epi-deoxynivalenol. The Gram-positive strains showed DON assimilation in media containing DON as a carbon source, whereas the Gram-negatives did not. Our results suggest that aerobic DDBs are distributed within at least two phylogenetically restricted genera, suggesting independent evolution of the DON-degradation mechanisms.
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