Journal
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
Volume 88, Issue 3, Pages 503-515Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12315
Keywords
marine photoferrotroph; anoxygenic phototrophic Fe(II) oxidation; banded iron formations
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Funding
- European Research Council under the European Union/ERC [307320 - MICROFOX]
- CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams [KZCX2-YW-T10]
- DFG Emmy-Noether program [OB 362/1-1]
- NSFC [40821091, 20972124]
- NSF International Research Fellowship
- Office Of The Director
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering [1064391] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Anoxygenic phototrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (photoferrotrophs) are suggested to have contributed to the deposition of banded iron formations (BIFs) from oxygen-poor seawater. However, most studies evaluating the contribution of photoferrotrophs to Precambrian Fe(II) oxidation have used freshwater and not marine strains. Therefore, we investigated the physiology and mineral products of Fe(II) oxidation by the marine photoferrotroph Rhodovulum iodosum. Poorly crystalline Fe(III) minerals formed initially and transformed to more crystalline goethite over time. During Fe(II) oxidation, cell surfaces were largely free of minerals. Instead, the minerals were co-localized with EPS suggesting that EPS plays a critical role in preventing cell encrustation, likely by binding Fe(III) and directing precipitation away from cell surfaces. Fe(II) oxidation rates increased with increasing initial Fe(II) concentration (0.43-4.07mM) under a light intensity of 12molquantam-2s-1. Rates also increased as light intensity increased (from 3 to 20molquantam-2s-1), while the addition of Si did not significantly change Fe(II) oxidation rates. These results elaborate on how the physical and chemical conditions present in the Precambrian ocean controlled the activity of marine photoferrotrophs and confirm the possibility that such microorganisms could have oxidized Fe(II), generating the primary Fe(III) minerals that were then deposited to some Precambrian BIFs.
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