Journal
FEBS LETTERS
Volume 589, Issue 1, Pages 15-22Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.11.028
Keywords
Intrinsically disordered proteins; Liquid-liquid phase transition; Aqueous two-phase system; Coacervate; Partitioning; Membrane-less organelles
Funding
- Russian Science Foundation RSCF [14-24-00131]
- Russian Science Foundation [14-24-00131] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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Here, we hypothesize that intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) serve as important drivers of the intracellular liquid-liquid phase separations that generate various membrane-less organelles. This hypothesis is supported by the overwhelming abundance of IDPs in these organelles. Assembly and disassembly of these organelles are controlled by changes in the concentrations of IDPs, their post-translational modifications, binding of specific partners, and changes in the pH and/or temperature of the solution. Each resulting phase provides a distinct solvent environment for other solutes leading to their unequal distribution within phases. The specificity and efficiency of such partitioning is determined by the nature of the IDP(s) and defines targeted enrichment of specific molecules in the resulting membrane-less organelles that determines their specific activities. (C) 2014 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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