Journal
FEBS JOURNAL
Volume 276, Issue 10, Pages 2713-2724Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06995.x
Keywords
acidification; calcium-phosphate complexation; mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake; respiratory chain; uncoupler
Categories
Funding
- OTKA
- MTA
- NKTH
- ETT
- University Research [63320]
- OTKA-NKTH [NF68294]
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Massive amounts of Ca2+ can accumulate in mitochondria, owing to its complexation with matrix phosphate. Under conditions in which the mitochondrial uniporter is the foremost pathway for Ca2+ efflux, the release of sequestered Ca2+ by protonophoric uncouplers is invariably demonstrated. This has been recently ascribed to matrix acidification, which results in the dissociation of the Ca2+-phosphate complex. In the present study, we compared the effect of stepwise depolarization on Ca2+ release induced by either the complex III inhibitor stigmatellin or an uncoupler in energized Ca2+-loaded rat liver mitochondria in the presence of phosphate, at extramitochondrial pH (pH(o)) 6.8 and pH(o) 7.8. Both poisons were examined in the presence and absence of oligomycin. Prior to Ca2+ loading, mitochondria were allowed to phosphorylate 0.5 mm ADP. Opening of the permeability transition pore was additionally hampered by cyclosporin A, and was monitored by changes in light scattering. Na+ was excluded from the medium, preventing Na+/Ca2+ exchange. At both pHo values, DpH was in the range 0.11-0.15. Complete depolarization by uncoupling with or without oligomycin resulted in an approximately pH 0.05 acidic shift, but there was none in the case of stigmatellin plus oligomycin. At pHo 6.8 and in the presence of oligomycin, the uncoupler-induced Ca2+ release started in the -80 to -50 mV range, whereas in the absence of oligomycin, the release occurred at approximately -15 mV. Stigmatellin induced minor Ca2+ release only in the presence of oligomycin, starting at approximately -4 mV. At pHo 7.8, the uncoupler- induced Ca2+ release started at approximately -11 mV, irrespective of the presence or absence of oligomycin. Unexpectedly, at this alkaline pH and in the presence of oligomycin, stigmatellin induced substantial Ca2+ release, starting at approximately -10 mV. From the above findings, we conclude that matrix acidification cannot be the sole explanation for uncoupler- induced Ca2+ release from mitochondria.
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