Journal
FEBS JOURNAL
Volume 275, Issue 6, Pages 1069-1079Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06263.x
Keywords
Arabidopsis; chloroplast; grana membranes; LHCII; nonphotochemical quenching; photoprotection; photosynthesis; PSII; thylakoid membrane; xanthophyll cycle
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Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Funding Source: Medline
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The efficiency of light harvesting in higher plant photosynthesis is regulated in response to external environmental conditions. Under conditions of excess light, the normally highly efficient light-harvesting system of photosystem II is switched into a state in which unwanted, potentially harmful, energy is dissipated as heat. This process, known as nonphotochemical quenching, occurs by the creation of energy quenchers following conformational change in the light-harvesting complexes, which is initiated by the build up of the thylakoid pH gradient and controlled by the xanthophyll cycle. In the present study, the evidence to support the notion that this regulatory mechanism is dependent upon the organization of the different antenna subunits in the stacked grana membranes is reviewed. We postulate that nonphotochemical quenching occurs within a structural locus comprising the PsbS subunit and components of the light-harvesting antenna, CP26, CP24, CP29 and LHCIIb (the major trimeric light-harvesting complex), formed in response to protonation and controlled by the xanthophyll cycle carotenoids.
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