Journal
FASEB JOURNAL
Volume 27, Issue 11, Pages 4547-4560Publisher
FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-228932
Keywords
CLRs; dendritic cell; mannose receptor; immunomodulation; MGL
Categories
Funding
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT
- Mexico) [167799]
- Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica (PAPIIT)-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) [IN213512]
- CONACYT-Mexico, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomedicas (PDCB) UNAM
- Fulbright-Mexico-U.S. Commission for Educational and. Cultural Exchange (COMEXUS)
- U.S. National Institutes of Health
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Dendritic cells (DCs) recognize pathogens and initiate the T-cell response. The DC-helminth interaction induces an immature phenotype in DCs; as a result, these DCs display impaired responses to TLR stimulation and prime Th2-type responses. However, the DC receptors and intracellular pathways targeted by helminth molecules and their importance in the initiation of the Th2 response are poorly understood. In this report, we found that products excreted/secreted by Taenia crassiceps (TcES) triggered cRAF phosphorylation through MGL, MR, and TLR2. TcES interfered with the LPS-induced NFB p65 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, TcES-induced cRAF signaling pathway was critical for down-regulation of the TLR-mediated DC maturation and secretion of IL-12 and TNF-. Finally, we show for the first time that blocking cRAF in DCs abolishes their ability to induce Th2 polarization in vitro after TcES exposure. Our data demonstrate a new mechanism by which helminths target intracellular pathways to block DC maturation and efficiently program Th2 polarization.Terrazas, C. A., Alcantara-Hernandez, M., Bonifaz, L., Terrazas, L. I., Satoskar, A. R. Helminth-excreted/secreted products are recognized by multiple receptors on DCs to block the TLR response and bias Th2 polarization in a cRAF dependent pathway.
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