Journal
FASEB JOURNAL
Volume 25, Issue 2, Pages 624-631Publisher
FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-163790
Keywords
biomechanics; elasticity; viscosity; retina; reactive gliosis
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30700150]
- Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [Y2080105]
- Translational Center for Regenerative Medicine
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ) at the University of Leipzig
- Swedish Medical Research Council [11548]
- Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg Foundations
- LUA/ALF Goteborg, Hjarnfonden
- Frimurare Foundation
- Amlov's Foundation
- [SPP1172]
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Increased stiffness of reactive glial cells may impede neurite growth and contribute to the poor regenerative capabilities of the mammalian central nervous system. We induced reactive gliosis in rodent retina by ischemia-reperfusion and assessed intermediate filament (IF) expression and the viscoelastic properties of dissociated single glial cells in wild-type mice, mice lacking glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin (GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-)) in which glial cells are consequently devoid of IFs, and normal Long-Evans rats. In response to ischemia-reperfusion, glial cells stiffened significantly in wild-type mice and rats but were unchanged in GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-) mice. Cell stiffness (elastic modulus) correlated with the density of IFs. These results support the hypothesis that rigid glial scars impair nerve regeneration and that IFs are important determinants of cellular viscoelasticity in reactive glia. Thus, therapeutic suppression of IF up-regulation in reactive glial cells may facilitate neuroregeneration.-Lu, Y.-B., Iandiev, I., Hollborn, M., Korber, N., Ulbricht, E., Hirrlinger, P. G., Pannicke, T., Wei, E.-Q., Bringmann, A., Wolburg, H., Wilhelmsson, U., Pekny, M., Wiedemann, P., Reichenbach, A., Kas, J. A. Reactive glial cells: increased stiffness correlates with increased intermediate filament expression. FASEB J. 25, 624-631 (2011). www.fasebj.org
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