Journal
FACIES
Volume 57, Issue 3, Pages 375-394Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10347-010-0251-z
Keywords
Reef frameworks; Clones; Biological interactions; Extant; Fossil
Categories
Funding
- American Chemical Society
- National Science Foundation
- Kansas Geological Survey
- Department of Geology
- Bureau of General Research at Kansas State University
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In living and fossil reefs, rapid upward clone growth provides positive topographic relief; the skeletal framework provides rigidity. Clonal organisms have been the chief frame-builders during most of the Phanerozoic; large clone size, growth habit, growth form, and arrangement of these clones in the framework result from rapid growth rates. Dense skeletal packing enhances rigidity and results in live-live interactions between juxtaposed clones. These interactions are both heterospecific and conspecific; the former mostly involve spatial competition whereas the latter involve clone fusion, self-overgrowth, and fission. We describe three types of fusion: (a) inter-clone fusion of two or more clones, each from a separate propagule; (b) intra-clone fusion of parts of the same clone having its origin from a single propagule; it includes recovery from partial clone degradation and self-overgrowth; (c) quasi-fusion between a live bud/polyp/zooid and a dead part (stem; branch) of the same or a different clone, i.e., a live-dead association.
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