Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 163, Issue 1, Pages A5202-A5210Publisher
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.1149/2.0251601jes
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Funding
- Office of Naval Research work under Long Range Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) [N00014-12-1-0887]
- U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science (DOE-BES), Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under UT-Battelle, LLC
- U.S. Department of Energy, Officer of Science, Office of Basic Sciences
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We demonstrate a novel method to accelerate electrode degradation in redox flow batteries and apply this method to the all-vanadium chemistry. Electrode performance degradation occurred seven times faster than in a typical cycling experiment, enabling rapid evaluation of materials. This method also enables the steady-state study of electrodes. In this manner, it is possible to delineate whether specific operating conditions induce performance degradation; we found that both aggressively charging and discharging result in performance loss. Post-mortem x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the degraded electrodes was used to resolve the effects of state of charge (SoC) and current on the electrode surface chemistry. For the electrode material tested in this work, we found evidence that a loss of oxygen content on the negative electrode cannot explain decreased cell performance. Furthermore, the effects of decreased electrode and membrane performance on capacity fade in a typical cycling battery were decoupled from crossover; electrode and membrane performance decay were responsible for a 22% fade in capacity, while crossover caused a 12% fade. (C) The Author(s) 2015. Published by ECS. All rights reserved.
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