Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
Volume 14, Issue 6, Pages 713-722Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS
DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.928207
Keywords
biomarker panel; cancer diagnosis; cancer prognosis; kallikrein-related peptidases; KLK; molecular tumor marker; neurodegenerative diseases; ovarian cancer; prostate cancer; PSA
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Funding
- European Union (European Social Fund - ESF)
- Greek national funds through the Operational Program 'Education and Lifelong Learning' of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) - Research Funding Program: THALES
- European Social Fund (UoA-BIOPROMO) [MIS 377046]
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Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) form a cancer-related ensemble of serine proteases. This multigene family hosts the most widely used cancer biomarker that is PSA-KLK3, with millions of tests performed annually worldwide. The present report provides an overview of the biomarker potential of the extended KLK family (KLK1-KLK15) in various disease settings and envisages approaches that could lead to additional KLK-driven applications in future molecular diagnostics. Particular focus is given on the inclusion of KLKs into multifaceted cancer biomarker panels that provide enhanced diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive accuracy in several human malignancies. Such panels have been described so far for prostate, ovarian, lung and colorectal cancers. The role of KLKs as biomarkers in non-malignant disease settings, such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, is also commented upon. Predictions are given on the challenges and future directions regarding clinically oriented KLK research.
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