Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
Volume 27, Issue 8, Pages 2393-2406Publisher
AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY
DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2015060647
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Funding
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DP3-DK094352]
- Funding Program for Next-Generation World-Leading Researchers
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [26293202]
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology from Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Integration Research for Agriculture and Interdisciplinary Fields from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Sumitomo Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26293202, 25860677] Funding Source: KAKEN
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AKI increases the risk of developing CKD, but the mechanisms linking AKI to CKD remain unclear. Because proximal tubule injury is the mainstay of AKI, we postulated that proximal tubule injury triggers features of CKD. We generated a novel mouse model to induce proximal tubule-specific adjustable injury by inducing the expression of diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor with variable prevalence in proximal tubules. Administration of high-dose DT in mice expressing the DT receptor consistently caused severe proximal tubule-specific injury associated with interstitial fibrosis and reduction of erythropoietin production. Mild proximal tubule injury from a single injection of low-dose DT triggered reversible fibrosis, whereas repeated mild injuries caused sustained interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, glomerulosclerosis, and atubular glomeruli. DT-induced proximal tubule-specific injury also triggered distal tubule injury. Furthermore, injured tubular cells cocultured with fibroblasts stimulated induction of extracellular matrix and inflammatory genes. These results support the existence of proximal-distal tubule crosstalk and crosstalk between tubular cells and fibroblasts. Overall, our data provide evidence that proximal tubule injury triggers several features of CKD and that the severity and frequency of proximal tubule injury determines the progression to CKD.
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