Journal
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 235, Issue 3, Pages 342-348Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2009.009202
Keywords
beta-carotene; retinoids; vitamin A; carotenoid metabolism; RAR beta; RAR alpha
Categories
Funding
- NIH [R01HL049879, R01DK044498]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
beta-Carotene oxygenase 2 cleaves beta-carotene asymmetrically at non-central double bonds of the polyene chain, yielding apocarotenal molecules. The hypothesis tested was that apocarotenoids are able to stimulate transcription by activating retinoic acid receptors (RARs). The effects of long- and short-chain apocarotenals and apocarotenoic acids on the activation of RAR alpha and RAR beta transfected into monkey kidney fibroblast cells (CV-1) were investigated. We synthesized or purified beta-apo-beta'-carotenoic acid (apo-8'-CA), beta-apo-14'-carotenoic acid (apo-14'-CA), beta-cyclocitral (BCL), beta-cyclogernanic acid (BCA), beta-ionone (BI), beta-ionylideneacetaldehyde (BIA) beta-ionylideneacetic acid (BIAA) and a C13 ketone, beta-apo-13-carotenone (C13). None of the apocarotenoids tested showed significant transactivation activity for the RARs when compared with all-trans retinoic acid (RA). The results suggest that biological effects of these apocarotenoids are through mechanisms other than activation of RAR alpha and beta.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available