Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
Volume 63, Issue 2, Pages 276-281Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13235
Keywords
hypertension; apolipoprotein E; cognition; CO2 vasoreactivity
Categories
Funding
- National Institute on Aging [AG030057, AG042127, AG004390, AG025037]
- National Institutes of Health [AG030967, NS085002]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele, carbon dioxide (CO2) vasoreactivity, and cognitive performance and to explore the effect of CO2 vasoreactivity and hypertension on the associations between APOE and cognition. DesignObservational. SettingCommunity. ParticipantsOlder adults (N=625) enrolled in the Maintenance of Balance, Independent Living, Intellect and Zest in the Elderly of Boston Study. MeasurementsChange in cerebral blood flow velocity in response to CO2 challenge (CO2), measured using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Trail-Making Test Part B - A (TMT), Hopkins Verbal Learning Test delayed recall (HVLT). ResultsAPOE-epsilon 4 was associated with lower CO2 vasoreactivity (P=.009) and poorer performance on the TMT (P<.001) and HVLT (P<.001). Having hypertension and APOE-epsilon 4 was associated with worse cognitive and CO2 vasoreactivity measures than having neither or either alone (P<.001 for TMT and HVLT, P=.01 for CO2 vasoreactivity). The association between APOE-epsilon 4 and cognition was only significant if it was present concurrent with low CO2 vasoreactivity, defined as below the median of the sample (APOE by CO2 vasoreactivity interaction: P=.04 for TMT, P=.04 for HVLT). In hypertension, the association between APOE-epsilon 4 and executive function was also only significant in participants with lower CO2 vasoreactivity (P=.005 for APOE by CO2 vasoreactivity). ConclusionIndividuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) because they have APOE-epsilon 4 may have lower CO2 vasoreactivity, which in turn may be contributing to the observed lower cognitive performance associated with this allele. The cognitive effect of APOE-epsilon 4 is magnified in hypertension and low CO2 vasoreactivity. This study offers evidence that APOE-epsilon 4 may be associated with microvascular brain injury even in the absence of clinical AD.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available