Hybrid transvaginal nephrectomy

This case study reports one case of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) in a 23-yr-old woman with right flank pain and recurrent urinary tract infection due to a nonfunctional right kidney. She underwent nephrectomy by transvaginal NOTES using the endoscope by vaginal access and two additional 5-mm trocars in the abdomen. Total procedure time was 170 min and estimated blood loss was 350 cc. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged 12 h after the procedure. (c) 2008 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.