Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
Volume 66, Issue 14, Pages 1590-1614Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.050
Keywords
cardiovascular disease; climate change; diet; food consumption; food system; low- and middle-income countries
Categories
Funding
- U.S. National Dairy Council
- Dairy Research Institute
- Almond Board of California
- Quest Diagnostics
- Loblaw Brands Ltd
- Unilever
- Barilla
- Solae
- Haine Celestial
- Sanitarium Company
- Orafti
- International Tree Nut Council
- Peanut Institute
- Canada Research Chair from the federal government of Canada
- International Nut Council
- Nutrition Impact
- Amarin
- AstraZeneca
- Life Sciences Research Organization
- Boston Heart Diagnostics
- Danone water research center
- Danone
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Major scholars in the field, on the basis of a 3-day consensus, created an in-depth review of current knowledge on the role of diet in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the changing global food system and global dietary patterns, and potential policy solutions. Evidence from different countries and age/race/ethnicity/socioeconomic groups suggesting the health effects studies of foods, macronutrients, and dietary patterns on CVD appear to be far more consistent though regional knowledge gaps are highlighted. Large gaps in knowledge about the association of macronutrients to CVD in low-and middle-income countries particularly linked with dietary patterns are reviewed. Our understanding of foods and macronutrients in relationship to CVD is broadly clear; however, major gaps exist both in dietary pattern research and ways to change diets and food systems. On the basis of the current evidence, the traditional Mediterranean-type diet, including plant foods and emphasis on plant protein sources provides a well-tested healthy dietary pattern to reduce CVD. (C) 2015 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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