Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 6996-7008Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01326
Keywords
nanoparticle; polyethylene glycol; protein corona; fluorescence correlation spectroscopy; human serum albumin; fibrinogen; polymer coating
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Funding
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GRK 1782, GRK 2039]
- European Research Council [239931-NANOPUZZLE]
- European Commission
- MINECO [MAT2013-48169-R]
- KIT of the Helmholtz STN Program
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Here we have investigated the effect of enshrouding polymer-coated nanoparticles (NPs) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the adsorption of proteins and uptake by cultured cells. PEG was covalently linked to the polymer surface to the maximal grafting density achievable under our experimental conditions. Changes in the effective hydrodynamic radius of the NPs upon adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) and fibrinogen (FIB) were measured in situ using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. For NPs without a PEG shell, a thickness increase of around 3 nm, corresponding to HSA monolayer adsorption, was measured at high HSA concentration. Only 50% of this value was found for NPs with PEGylated surfaces. While the size increase clearly reveals formation of a protein corona also for PEGylated NPs, fluorescence lifetime measurements and quenching experiments suggest that the adsorbed HSA molecules are buried within the PEG shell. For FIB adsorption onto PEGylated NPs, even less change in NP diameter was observed. In vitro uptake of the NPs by 313 fibroblasts was reduced to around 10% upon PEGylation with PEG chains of 10 kDa. Thus, even though the PEG coatings did not completely prevent protein adsorption, the PEGylated NPs still displayed a pronounced reduction of cellular uptake with respect to bare NPs, which is to be expected if the adsorbed proteins are not exposed on the NP surface.
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