Journal
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B
Volume 84, Issue 4, Pages 563-577Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1140/epjb/e2011-10889-3
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Funding
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [He 2789/5-1, He 2789/7-1, He 2789/8-1, He 2789/8-2]
- Gottlieb Daimler und Karl Benz foundation
- Volkswagen foundation [I/82697]
- Max Planck Society
- Leibniz society
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Urban road networks have distinct geometric properties that are partially determined by their (quasi-) two-dimensional structure. In this work, we study these properties for 20 of the largest German cities. We find that the small-scale geometry of all examined road networks is extremely similar. The object-size distributions of road segments and the resulting cellular structures are characterised by heavy tails. As a specific feature, a large degree of rectangularity is observed in all networks, with link angle distributions approximately described by stretched exponential functions. We present a rigorous statistical analysis of the main geometric characteristics and discuss their mutual interrelationships. Our results demonstrate the fundamental importance of cost-efficiency constraints for the time evolution of urban road networks.
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