Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES
Volume 118, Issue 6, Pages 574-581Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00775.x
Keywords
human gingival fibroblast; lipopolysaccharide; LL-37; Porphyromonas gingivalis
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan [21890275]
- Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan
- Miyata Science Research Foundation in Asahi University
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21890275] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major periodontogenic bacterium and possesses immunostimulatory components, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and fimbriae. The host antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, suppresses proinflammatory responses of immune cells but its effect on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) is not known. In this study, we assessed the effect of LL-37 on the proinflammatory responses of HGFs stimulated with P. gingivalis cells and their components. Live P. gingivalis cells did not induce proinflammatory responses of HGFs, and LL-37 did not alter these responses. However, LL-37 was able to suppress the killed P. gingivalis cell-induced secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. LL-37 also suppressed the expression of IL6, IL8, and CXCL10 genes that was induced by P. gingivalis components, including phenol-water extracts, lipid A, and fimbriae, and the induction of phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CAMP was found to be expressed in oral epithelial cells but not in HGFs, despite stimulation with P. gingivalis components. Therefore, LL-37 can exert a suppressive effect on P. gingivalis-induced proinflammatory responses of HGFs in a paracrine manner, suggesting that excess inflammatory responses to P. gingivalis in the gingival tissue are suppressed by LL-37 in vivo.
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