Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 53, Issue 5, Pages 1195-1207Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-013-0620-9
Keywords
Soy protein; Isoflavones; Lipid profiles; Thyroid hormones; Rats
Categories
Funding
- Health Canada
- Grains Farmers of Ontario Research fund
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada/Canadian Field Crops Research Alliance DIAP fund
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This study examined the effects of dietary soy protein (SP) lacking different storage protein subunits and isoflavones (ISF) on the abdominal fat, blood lipids, thyroid hormones, and enzymatic activities in rats. Weanling Sprague-Dawley rats (8 males and 8 females/group) were fed diets containing either 20 % casein without or with supplemental isoflavones or alcohol-washed SP isolate or SP concentrates (SPC) prepared from 6 different soy bean lines for 8 weeks. Feeding of diets containing SPC regardless of their subunit compositions significantly lowered relative liver weights, blood total, free, and LDL cholesterol in both genders (P < 0.05) and also reduced serum free fatty acids (FFA) and abdominal fat in females (P < 0.05) compared to the casein or casein + ISF diets. Dietary SPC significantly elevated the plasma free triiodothyronine (T3) in both genders and total T3 in females compared to the casein diet (P < 0.05). The SPC lacking beta-conglycinin alpha' and either the glycinin A1-3 or A1-5 subunits increased total T3 in males and reduced plasma enzymatic activities of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase compared to casein or casein + ISF diet (P < 0.05). Soy isoflavones were mainly responsible for the hypocholesterolemic effects and increased plasma free T3, whereas reduction in FFA, abdominal fat, liver weight and increased plasma total T3 were the effects of the soy proteins. Neither the alpha' subunit of beta-conglycinin nor the A1-5 subunits of glycinin are essential for the hypolipidemic properties of soy proteins.
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