Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 33, Issue 6, Pages 1115-1122Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07610.x
Keywords
dentate gyrus; neural stem cells; postnatal brain development; subventricular zone
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Childhood Cancer Foundation
- Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg Foundation
- King Gustav V Jubilee Clinic Research Foundation (JK-fonden)
- Frimurare Barnhus Foundation
- Swedish governmental grants
- Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren Foundation
- Edit Jacobssons Foundation
- Swedish Brain Foundation (Hjarnfonden)
- Gothenburg Medical Society
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Rather than a singular event that suddenly appears during adulthood, adult neurogenesis has long been recognized as the continuation of postnatal neurogenic activity. During the first postnatal weeks, significant cellular changes occur within and adjacent to germinal matrices of the subventricular zone and dentate gyrus. The majority of granule cells are generated during this period. In addition, radial glia are transformed into astrocyte-like stem cells, the ependymal layer is formed, and the highest rates of angiogenesis, gliogenesis and myelination are observed. The first postnatal weeks are critical as the brain growth rate is maximal, and changes during this period can have a great impact on neurogenesis levels and overall brain function later in life. This review chronicles cellular changes and some of the clinically relevant dysregulations that can occur during the postnatal period, and discusses the possible impact of these changes on neurogenesis and cognitive function later in life.
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