Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 38, Issue 9, Pages 2488-2498Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/eji.200838201
Keywords
B cells; regulatory T cells; tolerance
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Regulatory T cells (Treg) play critical roles in maintaining tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. It is not fully clear how these cells are generated and maintained. Here, we show that resting B cells are able to expand Treg. This expansion requires TGF-beta 3 and signaling through the TCR and CD28. Upon activation, B cells express less TGF-beta 3, which reduces their capacity to expand Treg and which also results in increased Treg death. This may ensure that B cells can function as potent professional antigen presenting cells during infections. However, in the absence of any infection, we find that B-cell-deficient mu MT mice have decreased percentages of Treg in the periphery. Our data suggest that resting B cells, which may be presenting self-antigens to T cells, can expand and maintain specific Treg and thus might be involved in the prevention of autoimmunity.
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