Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 65, Issue 1, Pages 132-139Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.226
Keywords
hip fractures; diet; nutrients; risk factors; elderly
Categories
Funding
- Community (Directorate-General SANCO: Directorate C-Public Health and Risk Assessment) [2004126]
- European Commission (SANCO)
- German Cancer Aid
- German Cancer Research Center
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Greek Ministry of Health
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation
- Hellenic Health Foundation
- Italian Association for Research on Cancer
- Italian National Research Council
- Dutch Prevention Funds
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek, Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Scientific Council
- Regional Government of Skane, Sweden
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Background/Objectives: Evidence on the role of diet during adulthood and beyond on fracture occurrence is limited. We investigated diet and hip fracture incidence in a population of elderly Europeans, participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study. Subjects/Methods: 29 122 volunteers (10 538 men, 18 584 women) aged 60 years and above (mean age: 64.3) from five countries were followed up for a median of 8 years and 275 incident hip fractures (222 women and 53 men) were recorded. Diet was assessed at baseline through validated dietary questionnaires. Data were analyzed through Cox proportional-hazards regression with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: No food group or nutrient was significantly associated with hip fracture occurrence. There were suggestive inverse associations, however, with vegetable consumption (hazard ratio (HR) per increasing sex-specific quintile: 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85-1.01), fish consumption (HR per increasing sex-specific quintile: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.85-1.02) and polyunsaturated lipid intake (HR per increasing sex-specific quintile: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.82-1.02), whereas saturated lipid intake was positively associated with hip fracture risk (HR per increasing sex-specific quintile: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.99-1.29). Consumption of dairy products did not appear to influence the risk (HR per increasing sex-specific quintile: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.93-1.12). Conclusions: In a prospective study of the elderly, diet, including consumption of dairy products, alcohol and vitamin D, did not appear to play a major role in hip fracture incidence. There is however, weak and statistically non-significant evidence that vegetable and fish consumption and intake of polyunsaturated lipids may have a beneficial, whereas saturated lipid intake a detrimental effect. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2011) 65, 132-139; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.226; published online 13 October 2010
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