Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
Volume 49, Issue 18, Pages 3881-3888Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.08.004
Keywords
Breast cancer; Risk of death; Blood glucose; Obesity; Hormone receptor status
Categories
Funding
- Compagnia di San Paolo
- Centro Nazionale per la Prevenzione e il Controllo delle Malattie (CCM) of the Italian Ministry of Health
- Fondazione Cariplo Italy
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Purpose: We investigated the effect of fasting blood glucose and body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis on risk of breast cancer death for cases diagnosed in five Italian cancer registries in 2003-2005 and followed up to the end of 2008. Methods: For 1607 Italian women (>= 15 years) with information on BMI or blood glucose or diabetes, we analysed the risk of breast cancer death in relation to glucose tertiles (<= 84.0, 84.1-94.0, > 94.0 mg/dl) plus diabetic and unspecified categories; BMI tertiles (<= 23.4, 23.5-27.3, > 27.3 kg/m(2), unspecified), stage (T1-3N0M0, T1-3N+M0 plus T4anyNM0, M1, unspecified), oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) status (ER+PR+, ER-PR-, ER and PR unspecified, other), age, chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, using multiple regression models. Separate models for ER+PR+ and ER-PR- cases were also run. Results: Patients often had T1-3N0M0, ER+PR+ cancers and received chemotherapy or endocrine therapy; only 6% were M1 and 17% ER-PR-. Diabetic patients were older and had more often high BMI (> 27 kg/m(2)), ER-PR-, M1 cancers than other patients. For ER+PR+ cases, with adjustment for other variables, breast cancer mortality was higher in women with high BMI than those with BMI 23.5-27.3 kg/m(2) (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-6.9). Breast cancer mortality was also higher in women with high (> 94 mg/dl) blood glucose compared to those with glucose 84.1-94.0 mg/dl (HR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.7). Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that in ER+PR+ patients, high blood glucose and high BMI are independently associated with increased risk of breast cancer death. Detection and correction of these factors in such patients may improve prognosis. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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