Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 3109-3118Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn507488s
Keywords
nanocomposite hydrogels; tissue engineering; synthetic nanosilicates; scaffolds; two-dimensional (2D) nanoparticles; bone regenerationz
Categories
Funding
- NSF [CBET 1264848]
- NIH [R01 AR066033-01]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1264848] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Despite bone's impressive ability to heal after traumatic injuries and fractures, a significant need still exists for developing strategies to promote healing of nonunion defects. To address this issue, we developed collagen-based hydrogels containing two-dimensional nanosilicates. Nanosilicates are ultrathin nanomaterials with a high degree of anisotropy and functionality that results in enhanced surface interactions with biological entities compared to their respective three-dimensional counterparts. The addition of nanosilicates resulted in a 4-fold increase in compressive modulus along with an increase in pore size compared to collagen-based hydrogels. In vitro evaluation indicated that the nanocomposite hydrogels are capable of promoting osteogenesis in the absence of any osteoinductive factors. A 3-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and a 4-fold increase in the formation of a mineralized matrix were observed with the addition of the nanosilicates to the collagen-based hydrogels. Overall, these results demonstrate the multiple functions of nanosilicates conducive to the regeneration of bone in nonunion defects, including increased network stiffness and porosity, injectability, and enhanced mineralized matrix formation in a growth-factor-free microenvironment.
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