Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
Volume 45, Issue 7, Pages 1257-1264Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.035
Keywords
beta-Carotene; Lung adenocarcinoma; Tumour promotion; cAMP signalling
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA096128, R01 CA096128-03, R01CA096128] Funding Source: Medline
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Aim: beta-Carotene has shown cancer-preventive effects in preclinical studies while increasing lung cancer mortality in clinical trials. We have shown that beta-carotene stimulates cAMP signalling in vitro. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that beta-carotene promotes the development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PAC) in vivo via cAMP signalling. Methods: PAC was induced in hamsters with the carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), followed by beta-carotene for 1.5 years. Incidence, multiplicity and size of lung tumours were recorded, and phosphorylated CREB and ERK1/2 in tumour cells were determined by Western blots. Cyclic AMP in blood cells was analysed by immunoassays, retinoids in serum and lungs by HPLC. Results: beta-Carotene increased lung tumour multiplicity, lung tumour size, blood cell cAMP, serum and lung levels of retinoids and induced p-CREB and p-ERK1/2 in lung tumours. Conclusions: Our data suggest that beta-carotene promotes the development of PAC via increased cAMP signalling. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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