Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 112, Issue 8, Pages 3129-3139Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2262-z
Keywords
Near-infrared spectroscopy; Exercise performance; Priming exercise; Metabolism
Categories
Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
- UK Sport as part of their 'Achieving Gold' initiative
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G005036/1, EP/F005733/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/F005733/1, EP/G005036/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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To investigate the effects of warm-up intensity on all-out sprint cycling performance, muscle oxygenation and metabolism, 8 trained male cyclists/triathletes undertook a 30-s sprint cycling test preceded by moderate, heavy or severe warm up and 10-min recovery. Muscle oxygenation was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy, with deoxyhaemoglobin ([HHb]) during the sprint analysed with monoexponential models with time delay. Aerobic, anaerobic-glycolytic and phosphocreatine energy provision to the sprint were estimated from oxygen uptake and lactate production. Immediately prior to the sprint, blood [lactate] was different for each warm up and higher than resting for the heavy and severe warm ups (mod. 0.94 +/- A 0.36, heavy 1.92 +/- A 0.64, severe 4.37 +/- A 0.93 mmol l(-1) P < 0.05), although muscle oxygenation was equally raised above rest. Mean power during the sprint was lower following severe compared to moderate warm up (mod. 672 +/- A 54, heavy 666 +/- A 56, severe 655 +/- A 59 W, P < 0.05). The [HHb] kinetics during the sprint were not different among conditions, although the time delay before [HHb] increased was shorter for severe versus moderate warm up (mod. 5.8 +/- A 0.6, heavy 5.6 +/- A 0.9, severe 5.2 +/- A 0.7 s, P < 0.05). The severe warm up was without effect on estimated aerobic metabolism, but increased estimated phosphocreatine hydrolysis, the latter unable to compensate for the reduction in estimated anaerobic-glycolytic metabolism. It appears that despite all warm ups equally increasing muscle oxygenation, and indicators of marginally faster oxygen utilisation at the start of exercise following a severe-intensity warm up, other energy sources may not be able to fully compensate for a reduced glycolytic rate in sprint exercise with potential detrimental effects on performance.
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