Journal
EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 39, Issue 1, Pages 19-26Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0417-1
Keywords
Calcium release channels; Cardiac muscle; Calcium stores; Sudden cardiac death; Ryanodine receptor; Bilayer
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The ryanodine receptors form the calcium release channel in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR, the main intracellular Ca2+ store). The importance of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) to cardiac pacemaking and rhythmicity is highlighted by more than 69 mutations, RyR mutations, which underlie arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Although most of these mutations lie in cytoplasmic domains, they all cause increased RyR activation by Ca2+ in the SR lumen. Presented here is a review of the mechanisms by which cytoplasmic domains of the RyR can determine luminal activation.
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