Journal
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 1019-1027Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10008-015-3028-z
Keywords
Bifunctional electrocatalysts; Oxygen reduction; Oxygen evolution; Scanning electrochemical microscopy; SECM
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Funding
- DFG [EXC1069]
- Helmholtz-Energie-Allianz Stationare elektrochemische Speicher und Wandler [HA-E-0002]
- BMBF [03X3581D]
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Electrocatalysts that can reversibly reduce oxygen and oxidise water are of prime importance for the advancement of new emerging electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. We present in this work the application of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) for characterisation of bifunctional catalysts. By using model bifunctional catalysts based on oxides of cobalt (CoxOy) and nickel (NLOy) embedded in nitrogen doped carbon (NC), we specifically show the unique ability of using SECM to determine a range of the important electrocatalytic parameters including the selectivity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the initial mechanistic steps during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and the onset potential for both ORR and OER in a single experiment. We were able to observe directly that prior to oxygen evolution, local depletion of oxygen occurs at the SECM tip during redox transition accompanying most likely metal oxyhydroxide formation thus enabling direct in situ observation of the initial mechanistic steps of the OER.
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