Journal
EUPHYTICA
Volume 214, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10681-018-2273-5
Keywords
Cacao; Microsatellite markers; Multipoint genetic map; Composite interval mapping
Categories
Funding
- Comissao Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB)
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2008/53197-4]
- Banco do Nordeste Brasileiro (BNB)
- Comissao Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira (CEPLAC)
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (PROCAD-UESC, Computacional Biology Program)
- FAPESP [2010/0354-2, 2012/11109-0]
- CNPq
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The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) is a species of great importance because cacao beans are the raw material used in the production of chocolate. However, the economic success of cacao is largely limited by important diseases such as black pod, which is responsible for losses of up to 30-40% of the global cacao harvest . The discovery of resistance genes could extensively reduce these losses. Therefore, the aims of this study were to construct an integrated multipoint genetic map, align polymorphisms against the available cacao genome, and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to black pod disease in cacao. The genetic map had a total length of 956.41cM and included 186 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers distributed among 10 linkage groups. The physical in silico map covered more than 200Mb of the cacao genome. Based on the mixed model predicted means of Phytophthora evaluation, a total of 6 QTLs were detected for Phytophthora palmivora (1 QTL), Phytophthora citrophthora (1 QTL), and Phytophthora capsici (4 QTLs). Approximately 1.77-3.29% of the phenotypic variation could be explained by the mapped QTLs. Several SSR marker-flanking regions containing mapped QTLs were located in proximity to disease regions. The greatest number of resistance genes was detected in linkage group 6, which provides strong evidence for a QTL. This joint analysis involving multipoint and mixed-model approaches may provide a potentially promising technique for detecting genes resistant to black pod and could be very useful for future studies in cacao breeding.
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