Journal
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
Volume 141, Issue 4, Pages 816-826Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268812001069
Keywords
Bronchiolitis; hospitalization; infant; premature; respiratory syncytial virus; risk factors
Funding
- Abbott France
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This study was conducted during the 2008-2009 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season in France to compare hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis (RSV-confirmed and all types) between very preterm infants (< 33 weeks' gestational age, WGA) without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and full-term infants (39-41 WGA) matched for date of birth, gender and birth location, and to evaluate the country-specific risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization. Data on hospitalizations were collected both retrospectively and prospectively for 498 matched infants (249 per group) aged < 6 months at the beginning of the RSV season. Compared to full-term infants, preterm infants had a fourfold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36-11.80] and a sevenfold (95% CI 2.79-17.57) higher risk of being hospitalized for bronchiolitis, RSV-confirmed and all types, respectively. Prematurity was the only factor that significantly increased the risk of being hospitalized for bronchiolitis. The risk of multiple hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in the same infant significantly increased with male gender and the presence of siblings aged >= 2 years.
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