Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue 2, Pages 232-236Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.04.010
Keywords
Cadmium; Osteoblast; Osteoclast; Osteoprotegerin; Receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand
Funding
- Shanghai Health Bureau [08GWD09]
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Cadmium (Cd) may have direct effects on bone metabolism and the mechanism is not fully understood. To investigate the effects of Cd on bone metabolism, effects of Cd on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro were observed at cellular and molecular levels. Osteoblasts were cultured by sequential enzyme digestion from Sprague-Dawley rats calvarial bone and osteoclasts were isolated from long bones of new-born male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, and then cells were exposed to different concentrations of Cd (0-2.0 mu mol/L for osteoblasts; 0.03 mu mol/L for osteoclasts). As for osteoblasts, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization were determined. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) were studied via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). For osteoclasts, after exposure to Cd (0.03 mu mol/L) for 72 h and 120 h, number of osteoclasts and pits formation was observed. Cd inhibited the viability, ALP activity, mineralization and up-regulated RANKL mRNA expression in osteoblasts. But Cd had no obvious effect on CPG mRNA expression. For osteoclasts, cadmium (0.03 mu mol/L) could increase the numbers of osteoclasts (p < 0.05) and enhance pits formation (p < 0.05). These results suggested that Cd could inhibit bone formation at high concentrations and enhance bone resorption at low level. OPG/RANKL may constitute an important pathway of Cd effects on bone. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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