Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
Volume 33, Issue 10, Pages 2344-2350Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/etc.2682
Keywords
Fungicide; Risk assessment; ROS; Antioxidative enzyme; Environmental toxicology
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21277083, 41071164, 41001152, 21377075]
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20113702110007]
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As the main optical isomer of metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M has been widely used worldwide in recent years because of its notable effect on the prevention and control of crop diseases. Together with the toxicity and degradation of metalaxyl-M, the chemical has attracted the attention of researchers. The present study examined the toxic effects of metalaxyl-M on earthworms at 0mgkg(-1), 0.1mgkg(-1), 1mgkg(-1), and 3mgkg(-1) on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after exposure. The results showed that metalaxyl-M could cause an obvious increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when the concentration was higher than 0.1mgkg(-1), which led to lipid peroxidation in earthworms. Metalaxyl-M can induce DNA damage in earthworms, and the level of DNA damage markedly increased with increasing the concentration of metalaxyl-M. Metalaxyl-M also has a serious influence on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, which results in irreversible oxidative damage in cells. The changes of these indicators all indicated that metalaxyl-M may cause cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on earthworms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2344-2350. (c) 2014 SETAC
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