Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
Volume 33, Issue 5, Pages 1030-1034Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/etc.2533
Keywords
Pteridium aquilinum; Natural toxin; Contaminant of emerging concern; Environmental fate; Groundwater
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The present study demonstrates unequivocally the presence of the natural carcinogen ptaquiloside and its transformation product pterosin B in groundwater and surface water. Groundwater concentrations up to 0.23 nmol/L (92ng/L) ptaquiloside and up to 2.2 nmol/L (0.47 mu g/L) pterosin B were found. Of 21 groundwater samples, 5 contained ptaquiloside, exceeding the estimated threshold for drinking water (1.3-40pmol/L). The results are critical for water abstraction in bracken-infested areas. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1030-1034. (c) 2014 SETAC
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