Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
Volume 31, Issue 7, Pages 1494-1500Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/etc.1854
Keywords
Chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Soil; Fly ash; Human exposure; Toxic equivalency quotient
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Funding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry [OGL-200902]
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (GIGCAS) [Y234081A07]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [40821003]
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Nine chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl/BrPAHs) and five parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in urban surface soil and fly ash samples collected from Shenzhen, south China in winter 2010. The concentrations of total Cl/BrPAHs and PAHs in soil ranged from below the reporting limit to 142?ng/g and from 4.34 to 158 mu g/g, respectively, and in fly ash they ranged from 17.7 to 19.5?ng/g and 26.1 to 28.3 mu g/g, respectively. Concentrations of Cl/BrPAHs and parent PAHs were not significantly correlated with each other in soil or in fly ash, suggesting that Cl/BrPAHs were formed mainly by mechanisms other than direct halogenation of parent PAHs. Estimated mass inventories of 2-BrFlu varied from 68.1?kg in commercial land to 669?kg in countryside land, the highest among all Cl/BrPAHs. Loss fluxes via soil erosion accounted for only small proportions of total soil mass inventories of Cl/BrPAHs. Average daily human intake via soil ingestion decreased with increasing age, with 2-BrFlu as the main contributor. Children of 0 to 8 years old were the most sensitive subgroup (13.7?pg/kg body wt/d for total Cl/BrPAHs), and females were more sensitive than males in the same age group. The mean dioxin-like toxic equivalency quotient (TEQ) concentration of total Cl/BrPAHs (0.008?ng-TEQ/g) was lower in soil than in fly ash (0.06?ng-TEQ/g). Conversely, the mean TEQ concentration of total parent PAHs (2.23?ng-TEQ/g) was higher in soil than in fly ash. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 14941500. (C) 2012 SETAC
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