Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 48, Issue 1, Pages 5-14Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/es403883p
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Funding
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Microbiology of the Built Environment program
- National Science Foundation [1336650, 1402651, 1033498]
- Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1033498, 1402651] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Global initiatives are underway to advance the sustainability of urban water infrastructure through measures such as water reuse. However, there are growing concerns that wastewater effluents are enriched in antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes, and thus could serve as a contributing factor to growing rates of antibiotic resistance in human infections. Evidence for the role of the water environment as a source and pathway for the spread of antimicrobial resistance is examined and key knowledge gaps are identified with respect to implications for sustainable water systems. Efforts on the part of engineers along with investment in research in epidemiology, risk assessment, water treatment and water delivery could advance current and future sustainable water strategies and help avoid unintended consequences.
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