Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 21, Pages 7957-7962Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/es8010332
Keywords
-
Categories
Funding
- Programma di scambi internazionali per Mobilita di breve durata
- Universita di Napoli Federico II
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Although the preponderance of current data points to semivolatile diesel nuclei particles composed of sulfuric acid and heavy hydrocarbons, the question remains as to what extent, if any, they contain solid cores. We present evidence here of a solid particle nucleation mode that accompanies normal soot emissions in the case of two modern light-duty diesel vehicles run with ultralow sulfur fuel. This mode is most prominent at idle, but also appears at speeds below similar to 30 mph, and is highly sensitive to the level of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The nuclei particles are examined for their volatility and electrical charge. In stark contrast to conventional nuclei particles, they remain nonvolatile to > 400 degrees C and exhibit a bipolar charge with a Boltzmann temperature of 580 degrees C. Their nonvolatile nature rules out sulfate and heavy hydrocarbons as primary constituents, and their electrical charge requires formation in a high-temperature environment capable of generating bipolar ions. This suggests that solid nuclei particles form during combustion but remain distinct from soot particles, analogous to what has been found recently in flames. As concerns about potential emissions of nonvolatile nanoparticles have already surfaced, an important conclusion of this study is that diesel particulate filters remove the solid nucleation mode with an efficiency comparable to soot.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available